Metal Oxide Varistor 14D221K MOV
Core Function and Operation
The 14D221K is a protective electronic component designed to safeguard circuits from voltage transients. Its operation is defined by its highly non-linear electrical characteristic. Under normal operating conditions, where the voltage remains below its threshold, it exhibits a very high electrical resistance, making it virtually invisible to the circuit. However, when a sudden voltage spike occurs, its resistance drops dramatically within nanoseconds.
Internal Composition and Build
This device is constructed from a ceramic mass of zinc oxide (ZnO) grains mixed with other metal oxides, forming the core varistor element. The boundaries between these zinc oxide grains are responsible for the component’s ability to clamp over-voltages. This sintered ceramic disk is then packaged within a flame-retardant epoxy resin coating, which provides both mechanical robustness and electrical insulation, making it suitable for demanding environments.
Energy Management and Purpose
The primary purpose of the 14D221K is to divert the dangerous surge current away from sensitive components, thereby limiting the voltage across the circuit to a safe, predetermined level known as the clamping voltage. By providing a low-impedance path to ground during an over-voltage event, it absorbs the transient energy and dissipates it as heat, effectively sacrificing itself to protect the rest of the system.
Features:
- Fast response to transient over-voltage events.
- Large transient energy absorption capability.
- Low clamping ratio for effective voltage limitation.
- No follow-on current after the surge subsides.
- Flame-retardant epoxy resin coating (UL94 V-0).
- Meets Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) 1.
- Safety certifications from UL, CUL, and TÜV.
Specifications:
| Parameter | Specification | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Part Number: | 14D221K | |
| Varistor Voltage: | 220V | At 1mA DC |
| Voltage Tolerance: | ±10% | 198V – 242V |
| Max. Allowable Voltage (AC): | 140V | RMS |
| Max. Allowable Voltage (DC): | 180V | |
| Max. Clamping Voltage: | 360V | At 50A, 8/20µs pulse |
| Max. Energy (10/1000µs): | 69 Joules | |
| Withstanding Surge Current: | 4500A | 8/20µs pulse, 1 time |
| Rated Power: | 0.6 W | |
| Typical Capacitance: | 840 pF | @ 1kHz |
Pinout Diagram:
Footprint Diagram:
Applications:
- Surge Protection in Electronic Home Appliances.
- Surge Protection in Gas and Petroleum Appliances.
- Surge Protection in Industrial Electronics.
- Surge Protection in Consumer Electronics.
- Transistor, Diode, and IC Semiconductor Protection.
- Thyristor or Triac Semiconductor Protection.
- Relay and Electromagnetic Valve Surge Absorption.
Package Contents:
- 1x Metal Oxide Varistor 14D221K MOV
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